What Is Pigmentation?

Pigmentation refers to the natural colour of your skin, which is determined by melanin produced by melanocyte cells. When these cells become damaged or overactive—due to sun exposure, hormonal changes, inflammation, or genetics—hyperpigmentation can occur. This results in darker patches or spots on the skin.

Common Types of Hyperpigmentation

1. Melasma: Often seen in women aged 20–40, melasma appears as symmetrical, brownish patches typically on the cheeks or forehead. It may be triggered by hormonal changes, including pregnancy or contraceptive use.
2. Sun Spots: Also known as solar lentigines or age spots, these develop due to cumulative sun exposure. They usually affect sun-exposed areas such as the face, shoulders, and hands.
3. Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH): Appears after skin inflammation like acne, eczema, or cosmetic procedures. More common in individuals with darker skin tones.

Clinic-Based Treatments for Pigmentation

For persistent or deeper pigmentation concerns, several non-invasive treatments may be explored under the supervision of a licensed medical practitioner.

1. Plasma-Based Skin Regeneration

This technique uses ionised energy delivered to the skin surface to promote controlled regeneration. It is commonly explored for:

• Improving skin tone and firmness
• Supporting skin recovery from acne scars
• Reducing early signs of ageing
• Managing mild pigmentation and blemishes

It may also help increase the absorption of topical products by improving skin permeability post-treatment. Suitable for various skin tones and types, treatment plans and intensity depend on individual skin condition.

2. Picosecond Laser Therapy

Picosecond laser systems deliver extremely short bursts of energy to break up pigment in the skin. The fragmented pigments are then naturally eliminated by the body’s immune processes.

This approach may be considered for:

• Freckles and sunspots
• Melasma and PIH
• Acne-related redness or pigmentation
• Minor skin texture irregularities

The procedure is generally well-tolerated and may be associated with minimal discomfort. Number of sessions required varies by pigmentation type and depth.

Note: Aesthetic procedures should always be preceded by a professional skin evaluation. Your doctor will determine the most appropriate modality, energy level, and session schedule based on your skin type and goals.

At-Home Management Options

While clinical treatments may address deeper pigmentation, maintaining an effective skincare routine can support long-term results and help prevent recurrence.

1. Vitamin C

Known for its antioxidant properties, Vitamin C helps brighten skin tone and support collagen production. It may assist in fading dark spots over time when used consistently.

2. Retinoids

Vitamin A derivatives like retinol are frequently used to treat acne, fine lines, and pigmentation. They help accelerate cell turnover and promote more even skin texture. Start with low concentrations and gradually increase under guidance.

3. Glycolic Acid

This alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) exfoliates the skin and helps fade hyperpigmentation. Often found in peels, serums, or cleansers, glycolic acid should be introduced slowly and paired with daily sunscreen use.

Important: Retinoids and AHAs should not be used together in the same routine unless guided by a professional. Sunscreen is essential when using active ingredients that increase sun sensitivity.

Want to Learn More?

If you’re exploring options for pigmentation management, visit our skin pigmentation treatment overview or book a consultation to speak with our licensed doctors. A personalised assessment will help determine the most suitable plan for your skin type and condition.

📌 Disclaimer

This article is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Any aesthetic treatment should be recommended and administered by a licensed medical practitioner. Results and suitability vary from person to person.